Results indicated that incorrect density treatments generated high rate errors (<15%) during conveyance tests. Actual and theoretical discharge rates were compared for conveyance data analysis whereas single-pass and standardized distribution patterns were generated and compared using standard pan testing. The spreader rate controller used in this study required litter density as an input variable for managing the discharge rate. Different spreader and rate controller settings (two gate heights: 17.8 and 34.9 cm four application rates: 1743, 3424, 3486, and 6848 kg/ha two correct density values: 416.5 and 480.6 kg/m3 and three incorrect density values: 352.4, 416.5, and 544.7 kg/m3) were established as treatments. Two sources of broiler litter (termed as A and B) at different moisture contents (32% and 28% w.b., respectively) and bulk densities (416.5 and 480.6 kg/m3, respectively) were acquired and used in this study. A study was conducted to understand the effect of litter bulk density on conveyor metering and spreading distribution for a spinner-disc, litter spreader. However, the high variability in physical characteristics of litter, especially moisture content and bulk density, makes it difficult to maintain accurate metering and uniform distribution during application with spinner-disc spreaders. Poultry litter is commonly land applied as an organic fertilizer on crop and pastureland. The paper concludes with an overview of required technological improvements to land application systems for all types of livestock manure. Those criteria include the maximization of nutrient recycling and of social acceptance, the protection of air, soil and water resources and of human health and safety, the control of manure application rates, and the minimization of capital and operating costs and of energy requirements. Criteria for the design of future land application systems and the improvement of existing ones are then presented. This discussion highlights the current technological shortcomings for land application systems adapted to semi-solid and solid manure. A discussion follows on land application systems for livestock manure that includes equipment for the transfer of manure from the storage facilities, equipment for transporting the manure to the application sites, and equipment for applying the manure to soil-crop systems. The first part of this review paper addresses the large variability of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of manure and how this variability needs to be accounted for in the design and operation of land application systems and equipment. A highly valuable fertilizer and amendment for soil-crop agricultural systems when properly managed, manure can also become an important source of pollution when the management systems are deficient. The different and often highly variable biological, chemical, and physical properties of livestock manure can result in both positive and negative impacts on air, soil, water, fauna, and flora. You can find this great slow pitch softball bat at at a great price.Manure constitutes an unavoidable by-product of any livestock production system. There is a lot control on a bat that I would say is a joy to swing. It felt great to swing the Easton Raw Power B 2.0 Slow Pitch Softball Bat through the zone because it is so well balanced. The B or L the in Easton Raw Power model numbers is to distinguish between Balanced or End Loaded in weight allocation. The design of the Easton Raw Power B2.0 has quality engineering going from the 13.5 inch barrel to the new gauze grip tape. Wherever I hit the ball on the barrel, it flew off the Raw Power B2.0. I was hitting the whole lot hard, and was reminded more of a shaved bat. I was an enthusiast of the Easton Raw Power B2.0 starting with my first swing. In truth, I didn’t notice much of anything else. There was some vibration in the one piece Raw Power B2 on the bad swings however, I was distracted by how well I did hit the softball on the deliberate bad swings. ![]() ![]() To get a feel of how the SIC technology worked, I hit a few softballs off the end of the bat and also tried to hit some too close to the hands. There is no loss of energy throughout a swing. Because of the SIC carbon fiber composite in the handle, you feel very little vibration and maximum stiffness is still maintained all through the bat. bat has Easton’s exclusive, SIC black carbon fiber handle which reduces vibration, and the bat has a better overall feel. The Easton Raw Power B2.0 Slow Pitch Softball Bat is the bat I will concentrate on today.Įaston Raw Power B2. These bats come in a variety of sizes, weights, and colors. In their slow pitch softball bat line up Easton has introduced yet another series, the Easton Raw Power bats.
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